一般现在时
主系表结构或There Be
谓语: is/am are
主谓(宾)结构
谓语: 动原/动s, 助动词do, does(助动词出现,谓动用原性)
一般过去时
主系表结构或There Be
谓语: was were
主谓(宾)结构
谓语: 动过, 助动词did(助动词出现,谓动用原性)
出现过去的时间,用一般过去时
just now, yesterday, last Saturday, last Sunday, three days age, long long age
语境暗示了动作发生在过去
when did you come back ? 你什么时候回来的?
I loved you. 我爱过你
一般将来时
主系表结构或There Be
谓语: whil be
主谓(宾)结构
谓语: will + 动原
否定句 will not + 动原
疑问句 Will you be in Paris tomorrow ?
Will there be a party next week ?
特殊疑问句 Who will visit us tomorrow ?
What will he do tomorrow ?
Be going to
谓语: is/am/are going to + be
谓语: is/am/are going to + 动原
疑问句: Are you going to know my story?
特殊疑问句 Who is he going to Be?
will 和 Be going to 对比
表示意愿 用will
Marry me!I will make you happy.
Will you help me?
表示预测 用will/Be going to
It will be warm tomorrow. 明天会变暖和
表示计划,先规划好 用Be going to
I have the pen and the paper.
I am going to draw a picture for you.
缩写
will not = won't
I will = I'll
出现将来时间,用一般将来时
in three days 三天后
tomorrow, the day after tomorrow 后天, next week
soon 要开始,很快
情态动词(can, may, must)
情态动词 + 动原
肯定句:You can help me.
否定句:You can not help me.
疑问句:Can you help me?
特殊疑问句: Who can help me? Who can you help?
####can, could
could 是can 过去式
表达能力, could并表示过去式
We can use WeChat now.
求人办事, could并不表示过去式,表示语气,could更委婉
Can/Could you open the door?
请人允许 could并不表示过去式,表示语气,could更委婉
Can/Could I sit here ?
Can/Could I help you ?
猜测,意思可能
He can be our teacher.
Anything can happen.
may, might
might是may的过去式
请人允许
May I help you?
猜测,意思可能
He may be our teacher.
must
必须
I must learn English.(客观)
I have to learn English. (不得不)
必须不,禁止
I mustn't learn English.
I don't have to learn English.(不必须)
I needn't learn English.(不需要)
猜测,意思肯定是
He must be out teacher.
He must be over forty.
求人办事,礼貌递增
can < will < could < would
Can you do me a favor ? I’d like to, but …
请人允许
can < could < may < might(礼貌过头)
Can i smoke here? Yes please. Sorry, you can’t
猜测,程度递减
肯定句(100%) > must(95%) > can/could/may/might(50%) > can’t(5%) > 否定句(0%)
He must be a smoker.
现在进行时
主系表结构或There Be
谓语: is/am/are + being
主谓(宾)结构
谓语: is/am/are + 动ing
否定句: She is not doing her homework at home.
疑问句: Is She doing her homework at home?
What are you doing?你干什么呢?
过去进行时
主系表结构或There Be
谓语: was/were + being
主谓(宾)结构
谓语: was/were + 动ing
一般过去,过去进行时 对比
一般过去时表示过去的时间完整做了某事
I read a book yeaterday (看完了)
过去进行时表示过去的时间正在做某事
I was reading a book just now (未知是否读完)
I went shopping this morning.
现在完成时
主系表结构或There Be
谓语: has/have + been
主谓(宾)结构
谓语: has/have + 过分
Jake has finished her homework.
Jake has not finished her homework.
Has jake finished her homework?
who has finished the homework?
what has Jake finished?
现在完成时,一般过去时 对比
一般过去时:只是陈述一件发生的事件,与现在无关
现在完成时:过去动作对现在有影响
Jake has just(刚刚) turned off the light.(别人不用去关灯)
一般过去时:无法判断是否持续
现在完成时:表示动作现在持续
He has lived her for 4 years (现在还住在这儿)
He lived here for 4 year.(住过,不知道是否继续住)
How long have you learned English ? 你学英语多长了?(现在依然在学)
现在完成时的信号词: 到现在为止
so far, up to now, till now, by now
since + 过去的时间系列
since three days age
since you left
一般过去时的信号词
just now
last yesterday
